A Model for the Formation of Galaxies

Abstract

A qualitative model for the formation of elliptic and spiral galaxies based on the general model of galaxy as a tangle of cosmic string thickened to flux tube in the tangle generating the visible matter of galaxy in process analogous to the decay of inflaton field to particles is discussed. Elliptic galaxies are structurally simple and naturally in some sense building bricks of spiral galaxies with much complex structure. In the case of spiral galaxies the existence of vast polar structures (VPOS) in the plane orthogonal to the galactic plane of spiral galaxy strongly suggest that at least two cosmic strings are involved and that the spiral structure formed as standing wave analogous to traffic jam is associated with dark matter of a long cosmic string. The stars of spiral galaxies are indeed older than those of elliptic galaxies except inside the bulge. The asymmetry between the two planes suggests that the spiral arms are formed as elliptic galaxy identified as a tangle of a long string S_|| in the galactic plane has collided with a cosmic string S_⊥ orthogonal to the plane. This would have generated the spiral structure in the galactic plane as S_|| and ordinary matter formed from it starts to differentially rotate around S_⊥. S_|| would have also generated the visible spiral arm pair in the transformation of dark energy to ordinary matter. The galactic bar could be analogous to the dipole of dipole magnetic field. Galactic bulge would correspond to the elliptic galaxy and galactic blackhole like entity (BHE) would have formed from the matter in bulge: this conforms with the fact that elliptic galaxies have always galactic blackhole.